Designing, fabrication, and evaluation of PCR kit for detection of infectious bursal disease and identification of vaccine strains

Zahra Talebi ², Mohammad mehdi Kiaee Daronkola², Taregh Eslami Jouybari ², Peyman Bagherian ², Abbas Alamian ^1*

1. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
2. Molecular Department, Ariana Imen Padtan Alborz (AIPA) Biotechnology Company, Tehran, Iran

Email: abbasalemian@yahoo.com

Objectives: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects young chickens[1].The virus targets the lymphoid tissue, particularly the bursa of Fabricius, which leads to immunosuppression on chickens and their susceptibility to other infections[2]. The disease can cause significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to increased mortality, decreased growth rates, and reduced egg production[3].

 The control of IBD is essential for the health and productivity of poultry flocks. Therefore, vaccination programs and strict biosecurity plans are key components to control spreading of IBD[4]. In addition, early detection and prompt response to outbreaks can help to minimize the impact of the disease on the poultry industry. Detection of viral and vaccinal strains of IBD is crucial for understanding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and vaccine effectiveness against this economically important disease in poultry[5].

 The current study aimed to design and evaluate a rapid detection kit based on conventional PCR.

Materials & Methods: A universal primer targeting a ~ 630-bp fragment of the polyprotein gene of IBDV was designed. To identify commercially available vaccine strains, D78, LZ, and CH/80, from virulent isolate, collected from a poultry farm in Mazandaran province, specific primers amplifying ~ 203-bp identical fragment of the segment A gene were designed.

Results and Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that the universal primers were able to amplify ~ 630-bp fragment for IBDV I both wild and vaccine strains. In addition, the vaccine-specific primers amplified ~ 203-bp identical fragment for vaccine, while there was no amplification for wild strain.

Our findings showed that the universal primers were capable to detect both wild and vaccine strains. In addition, the vaccine-specific primers were able to distinguish vaccine strains from wild isolates, collected from poultry farms.

Keywords: Poultry; Infectious bursal disease; Vaccine strain; PCR; Industrial farm

References

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